工程的防水工程重点包括以下部分：
1. The key points of waterproof engineering include the following parts:
地下室工程的防水
Waterproofing of basement works
屋面工程的防水
Waterproof of roof engineering
卫生间防水
Toilet waterproof
外墙防水
waterproofing on the exterior wall
2、防水工程质量控制的一般要点
2, waterproof engineering quality control of the general points
(1) 从事建筑防水工程施工的企业必须具有防水专业施工资质证书，监理应对其企业资格及人员资格进行审查确认。
(1) enterprises engaged in the construction of waterproof engineering must have waterproof professional construction qualification certificates, and the supervisors should examine and verify their qualification and qualification.
(2) 根据防水要求编制施工方案或技术措施，其内容包括施工程序和工段划分、施工工艺、技术措施、质量标准、成品保护等，施工方案或技术措施应报监理批准，要求总包单位在进场前对操作班组进行技术交底。
(2) according to the requirements of waterproof construction scheme and technical measures, including the construction procedure and section division, construction technology, technical measures, quality standards, product protection, construction scheme and technical measures should be reported to the supervisor for approval requirements, general contractor before entering the operating team for technical clarification.
(3) 严格防水材料的进场报验程序和见证送检制度，经检验合格的防水材料才准予用于工程。
(3) strict waterproof material entry inspection procedures and witness inspection system, the waterproof material inspection can be used for engineering.
(4) 防水工程施工过程中应执行自检、互检、交接检及工序检查等制度，严格执行从基层、防水层到保护层的逐层隐蔽检查验收制度。
(4) in the process of waterproof project construction, the system of self inspection, mutual inspection, handing over inspection and process inspection shall be carried out, and the hidden check and acceptance system shall be strictly enforced from the basic level, from the waterproof layer to the protective layer.
(5) 防水层的基层必须坚固、平整、干净、不起砂、不起皮。涂胶防水层及嵌填密封材料的基层必须干燥。
(5) the base of waterproof layer must be firm, smooth and clean, not sand or fur. The base of the coating, waterproof layer and filling sealing material must be dry.
(6) 已施工的柔性防水层进行抽检取样实测检查，确认其厚度(便数)是否符合设计和规范要求。
(6) the flexible waterproof layer has been checked, sampled and checked to confirm whether the thickness (weight) meets the requirements of the design and specifications.
(7) 柔性防水层完成后必须及时做好保护层。保护层施工时，应采取有效的保护措施，避免破坏防水层。
(7) after the flexible waterproof layer is finished, the protective layer must be done in time. When protecting layer is constructed, effective protective measures should be taken to avoid damage to waterproof layer.
(8) 应避免在已完工的防水层上打眼凿洞，如确需打眼凿洞时，损坏的防水层应重点进行防水密封处理。
(8) should be avoided in the waterproof layer has been completed on the drill hole, if it is necessary to drill hole, the waterproof layer damage should be waterproof seal processing.
(9) 对防水节点，如孔口、管道穿孔处、门窗框周边等细部节点予以特别注意，逐处或重点抽查其施工质量。
(9) on the waterproof joints, such as orifice, pipeline perforation, door and window frame surrounding pay special attention to details, or focus on its construction quality checks everywhere.
(10) 对防水部位进行蓄水、淋雨等试验，检查其防水性能。
(10) water storage, rain and other tests are carried out to check the waterproof performance of the waterproof parts.
二、地下室工程的防水施工
Two 、 basement waterproof construction
对于防空地下室来说，防水质量可以说是工程是否能够达到设计使用功能的决定性因素，任何材料、设计、施工、管理方面的缺陷都会通过渗漏这一特殊的方式表现出来。
In the basement, the waterproof quality can be said to be the decisive factor of whether the project can meet the design function, the defects of any material, design and construction, management will be through the leakage this special form.
(一)、砼构件引起的渗漏
(1) leakage caused by concrete members;
1、混凝土蜂窝、麻面、露筋、孔洞等造成地下室渗水，主要原因是配合比不准，坍落度过小，长距离运输和自由入模高度过大，造成混凝土离析；局部钢筋密集或预留洞口的下部混凝土无法进入，振捣不实或漏振，跑模漏浆等。针对以上情况对混凝土应严格计量，搅拌均匀，长距离运输后要进行二次搅拌。对于自由入模高度过高者，应使用串桶滑槽，浇筑应按施工方案分层进行，振捣密实。对于钢筋密集处，可调整石子级配，较大的预留洞下，应预留浇筑口。模板应支设牢固，在混凝土浇筑过程中，应指派专人值班“看模”。
1, concrete honeycomb, surface voids, reinforcement and holes caused by water seepage in basement, the main reason is to mix, the slump is too small, long distance transportation and free die height is too large, resulting in lower part of the concrete reinforced concrete segregation; dense or reserved hole can not enter, vibrating false or leak vibration. Run mode leakage. In view of the above circumstances, concrete should be strictly measured, mixing evenly, long distance transportation after two mixing. For the high degree of freedom to enter the mold, should use a series of bucket chute, pouring should be layered according to the construction plan, vibration compaction. For reinforcing bars, the gravel gradation can be adjusted, and the pouring holes shall be provided under the larger reserved holes. The formwork shall be firmly supported. In the process of concrete pouring, a special person shall be assigned to watch the mould on duty".
2、混凝土结构的施工缝也是极易发生渗水的位置，其渗水主要原因为施工缝留设位置不当；施工缝清理不净，新旧混凝土未能很好结合；钢筋过密，混凝土捣实有困难等。防止施工缝部位渗水可采取以下措施：首先施工缝应按规定位置留设，防水薄弱部位及底板上不应留设施工缝，墙板上如必须留设垂直施工缝时，应与变形缝相一致。其次施工缝的留设、清理及新旧混凝土的接浆等应有统一部署，由专人认真细致地做好。还有设计人员在确定钢筋布置位置和墙体厚度时，应考虑方便施工，以保证工程质量。如发现施工缝渗水，可采用防水堵漏技术进行修补。
2 construction of concrete structure, seam is prone to leakage location, the main cause of water seepage for construction joints remaining improper location of construction joints; clean up dirty, not a good combination of new and old concrete; reinforced concrete tamping is too dense, difficult. Construction joints to prevent seepage may take the following measures: first, the construction joint shall be in accordance with position setting, waterproof weak parts and the bottom plate should not leave construction joints, leaving the vertical construction joints such as wallboard must, should be consistent with the deformation joint. Secondly, the construction of the joint stay, cleaning, and new and old concrete pulp should be unified deployment, by special personnel to do a good job. There are designers in determining the location of steel reinforcement and wall thickness, should consider the convenience of construction, in order to ensure the quality of the project. If it is found that the construction joints water seepage, waterproof plugging technology can be used to repair.
3、混凝土裂缝产生渗漏。混凝土裂缝产生的原因很多，可由于干缩、温度、水泥用量过大或水泥安定性不好等因素引起。防水混凝土所用水泥必须经过检测，杜绝使用安定性不合格的产品，混凝土配合比由试验室提供，并严格控制水泥用量。对于地下室底板等厚大体积的混凝土，应遵守大体积混凝土施工的有关规定，严格控制温度差。设计时应综合考虑诸多不利因素，使结构具有足够的安全度，并合理设置变形缝，以适应结构变形。
3, concrete cracks. There are many causes of concrete cracks, which can be caused by such factors as dry shrinkage, temperature, excessive cement content, or poor cement stability. The cement used for waterproof concrete must be tested to prevent the use of unstable and substandard products. The concrete mixture ratio is provided by the laboratory and the cement dosage is strictly controlled. For thick mass concrete such as basement slab, we should obey the regulations of mass concrete construction and strictly control the temperature difference. In the design, a lot of unfavorable factors should be considered synthetically, so that the structure has enough safety degree, and the deformation joint should be set reasonably to adapt to the structural deformation.
4、预埋件部位产生渗漏。产生渗漏的原因有预埋件过密，埋件周围混凝土振捣不密实；在混凝土终凝前碰撞预埋件，使预埋件松动；预埋件铁脚过长，穿透混凝土层，又没按规定焊好止水环；预埋管道自身有裂缝、砂眼等疪病，地下水通过管壁渗漏等。为防止预埋件部位产生渗漏，可采取以下方法：预埋件应有固定措施，预埋件密集处应有施工技术措施，预埋件钢制闸门 钢坝 保定轻钢别墅 保定平面设计培训 保定室内设计培训 保定办公家具 保定空调维修 铁脚应按规定焊好止水环。地下室的管线应尽量设计在地下水位以上，穿墙管道一律设置止水套管，管道与套管采用柔性连
4, embedded parts leakage. Causes of leakage of the embedded parts are too dense, buried around the concrete vibrating compaction; before the final set of concrete collision embedded parts, make embedded parts loose; embedded iron feet long, penetrating the concrete layer, and not in accordance with the provisions of the welded seal ring; buried pipeline has cracks, trachoma and other disease problems, groundwater through the wall leakage etc.. In order to prevent the leakage location of embedded parts, can take the following methods: embedded parts should be fixed at the proper measures, technical measures for the construction of intensive embedded parts, iron feet shall be embedded parts welding sealing ring. The basement pipeline shall be designed above the water level, and the water supply pipe shall be provided through the pipe through the wall, and the pipe and casing shall be made of flexible connection