近几年的实践中，曾无数次地与业主、总包方就防水堵漏和施工问题进行过接触，总的感觉是：真正重视的少，特别是在材料价格方面，往往不论材料质量如何，先把“防水”的价位定下来。目前，市场上的防水堵漏多种多样，有国产的、进口的、合资的；有高档的、中档的、低档的。以沥青为主要原料的改性沥青类卷材、高分子类防水堵漏等等数不胜数，令人眼花缭乱。
The practice in recent years, once many times with the owner, the general contractor is waterproof and construction problems of contact, the general feeling is: the real importance of less, especially in the aspect of material price, no matter how often the quality of materials, the first "set waterproof" price. At present, the market waterproof, plugging a variety of, there are domestic, import, joint venture; there are high-grade, mid-range, low-grade. Asphalt as the main raw materials of modified asphalt, polymer, waterproof, plugging and so on, countless, dazzling.
在激烈的市场竞争中，在尚不规范的市场环境下，一些厂商采取不正当手段，以次充好，假冒伪劣产品充斥市场，不按合同约定供应产品企图蒙混过关的也不鲜见，在这种不规范的市场条件下，我们所能做的是：在材料进场时，把好第一关，也能起到一点净化市场的作用。
In the fierce competition in the market is not standardized, in the market environment, some manufacturers take unfair means, shoddy, fake and shoddy products flooding the market, not according to the contract to supply the products in an attempt to muddle through is not uncommon, in the nonstandard market conditions, we can do is: in the material approach that good first pass, can also play a role in the purification of the market.
广告：京建防水
Advertisement: Beijing built waterproof
望。中医之望是指从表面观察病人。就卷材而言，我们首先看外观。
Look. A doctor's point of view is to look at the patient from the surface. In the case of coiled materials, we first look at the appearance.
可以从几个方面讲，无论是SBS、APP改性沥青类防水卷材，还是高分子类防水卷材，外观检查是很重要的一项检验内容，可归纳为五看：
From several aspects, whether it is SBS, APP modified asphalt waterproofing membrane, or polymer waterproofing membrane, the appearance of inspection is a very important test content, can be summarized as five:
一看表面是否美观、平整、有无气泡、麻坑等；
A look at the surface is beautiful, smooth, with or without bubbles, pits and so on;
二看卷材厚度是否均匀一致；
Two, see whether the thickness of the coil uniform;
三看胎体位置是否居中，有无未被浸透的现象(常说的露白茬)；
Three see the matrix position is centered, there is no saturated phenomenon (say white stubble);
四看断面油质光亮度；
Four look at the section oil light brightness;
五看覆面材料是否粘接牢固。
Five see whether firm bonding covering material.
这几方面大体反映出卷材生产的过程控制是否可靠。
These aspects generally reflect the process control of coil production is reliable.
涂料可看颜色是否纯正，有无沉淀物等。特别是复合涂料类，目前生产复合涂料的厂家如雨后春笋，越来越多，所选用的乳液和各自的粉料也是五化八门，质量各异。
Paint can be used to see if the color is pure or not. Especially the composite coatings, the production of composite paint manufacturers such as bamboo shoots after a spring rain, more and more, the emulsion powder and their five is eight, the quality of different.
怎样去辨别其优劣呢?
How to distinguish between good and bad?
最简单的方法就是将其样片放人杯中加入清水泡之，观察几天，看看水是否变混浊，有无溶胀现象，有无乳液析出，再取出样片，拉伸时是否变糟变软，这样的材料长期处于泡水的环境是非常不利的，不能保证防水质量。刚性堵漏防渗类，经过一段时间后有无微裂，如有微裂现象，其材料是靠微膨胀原理起作用，再看是否有反潮现象，如有反潮现象，则其材料缺少憎水剂，这样的材料不是好的防渗材料，只能用于堵漏。
The easiest way is to put the sample cup with water bubble, a few days of observation, see whether water has become turbid, no swelling, no emulsion precipitation, and then remove the tensile samples, whether worse soft, such materials in the water environment is very not good, can not guarantee water quality. Rigid leakage, after a period of time there is no micro cracks, such as micro crack, the material is on the principle of micro expansion work, look at whether the anti tide phenomenon, such as anti surge phenomenon, the lack of water repellent material, this material is not good anti-seepage material, can only be used in plugging.
广告：世纪洪雨
Advertisement: Century flood rain
闻。中医之“闻”是指“闻”其声，观其“病”。
Smell. Chinese medicine "Wen" refers to the "smell" its sound, view its "disease."".
我们则是指用鼻子闻一闻气味，我们常常有这样的体会，有的SBS改性沥青卷材基本上没有什么气味，在施工烘烤过程中，不太容易出油，一旦出油后能粘接牢固；而有的卷材在百米外就能闻到其刺鼻的呛味，令人头晕脑胀。我个人总结为四闻，即一闻有无废机油、三线油的味道；二闻有无废胶粉的味道；三闻有无苯的味道；四闻其它异味。
We refer to the nose to smell the smell, we often have such experience, some of the SBS modified asphalt membrane did not smell what basically, in the construction process of baking is not easy out of oil, if oil can be bonded firmly; and some rolls in a hundred meters can smell the pungent smell a Touyunnaozhang. I personally summed up as "four smell", that is, a smell of waste oil, three lines of oil taste; two smell of waste rubber powder flavor; three smell of benzene smell; four smell other odor.
这样的材料极易出油，因为其中加入了大量的废机油等溶剂，使得卷材看似柔软，然而当废机油挥发掉后，三个月或更短的时间，卷材指标急剧下降，卷材干缩发硬。这样的卷材当属伪劣产品，使用时寿命大大减少。有各种异味的涂料大多属于非环保涂料，应慎重选择。闻还可广义理解为耳听，多听同行对某一产品的评价，比较其信誉度。
This material easily out of oil, because of the large amount of waste oil as solvent, the membrane appears to be soft, but when the waste oil evaporate after three months or less, sheet index fell sharply, shrinking hard dry coil. Such coils should be inferior products, and the service life will be greatly reduced. There are all kinds of paint, mostly non environmental protection coatings, should be carefully chosen. Smell can also be broadly understood as ear listening, listen to peer evaluation of a product, compare its credibility.
问。中医之“问”是指通过询问一些相关的特殊征兆来断病。
Ask. In Chinese medicine, "asking" refers to breaking the disease by asking some related special symptoms.
而我们指的“问”即询问、咨询，从了解的内容来分析、辨别、比较材料的质量。问的内容应当说是非常之多的，我归纳为三问：一问厂家原材料的产地、规格、型号；二问生产线及设备状况；三问生产工艺及管理水平。
And we refer to the "ask", that is, inquiry, consultation, from the understanding of the content to analyze, identify and compare the quality of the material. The content of the question should be said to be very large. I sum it up as three questions: first, ask the origin, specification and model of the raw material of the manufacturer; two, ask about the production line and equipment status; three questions about the production process and management level.
一问：SBS是岳阳还是燕化的；聚脂胎胎体是益阳的还是佳斯迈威的；沥青是盘锦的140#道路沥青，还是兰炼的100#沥青；氯化聚乙烯是潍坊的亚星，还是青岛的龙大；橡胶是齐鲁的1500，还是吉化的1502；乳液是巴斯夫的，还是罗门哈斯的；水泥是特制的还是普通的……等等，通过询问得出结论，你所选用的产品原材料是什么档次的材料。
Q: SBS Yueyang or Yanshan; polyester tire carcass is Yiyang or customerway; asphalt road asphalt is 140# Panjin, or Lanzhou 100# asphalt; chlorinated polyethylene is Weifang Yaxing, or Qingdao dragon; Qilu rubber is 1500, or 1502 of the emulsion is Jilin; BASF still, Roman Haas is special; cement or ordinary...... And so on, through the inquiry to draw a conclusion, you choose the product, raw materials of what grade material?.
二问：设备，SBS生产线是全自动的，还是机械的；胶体磨是维拉斯的，还是丹东的；冷却方式是水冷却还是辊冷却；温控程度是土3℃，还是i10~C；线速范围是8mm／min以上，还是以下；24小时连续生产能力是8000m2，还是10000m2，生产线是美国的、德国的、日本的还是国产的；三元乙丙生产线是挤压型的还是压延型的；硫化器是多鼓硫化的，还是罐式硫化等。
Two Q: equipment, SBS is the production line fully automatic, or mechanical; colloid mill is Vilas, or Dandong; cooling water is cooling or cooling roll; temperature is 3 DEG C or the degree of soil, i10~C; linear velocity is in the range of 8mm / min or above, the following 24 hours of continuous production capacity; 8000m2, or 10000m2, the production line is the United States, Germany, Japan or domestic; three yuan is the production line of extrusion or calendering type; vulcanizer is multi drum sulfuration, or tank vulcanizing etc..
三问：生产工艺及管理方式，生产工艺是否规范，过程控制是否严格，管理是否到位等。
Three questions: production process and management methods, production process is standardized, process control is strict, management is in place, etc..
切。中医之“切”是指为病人把脉。
Cut. Chinese medicine "cut" refers to the patient in.
而我们所说的切，是用手工方法摸、折、烤、撕、拉等，以手感来判断材料的档次。
What we call "cut" is to touch, fold, roast, tear, pull and so on by hand, so as to judge the grade of the material with the touch.
如SBS改性沥青卷材：(1)手感柔软，有橡胶的弹性；(2)断面的沥青涂盖层可拉出较长的细丝；(3)反复弯折其折痕处没有裂纹；(4)施工中无收缩变形，无气泡出现；(5)热熔烘烤时，出油均匀；此为优质产品．
SBS modified asphalt membrane: (1) soft and elastic rubber; (2) section of the asphalt coating can be pulled out long filaments; (3) repeatedly bending the crease without crack; (4) no shrinkage during the construction, there is no bubble; (5) hot melt when baking this is the oil, uniform; high-quality products.
如三元乙丙卷材：(1)用白纸磨擦表面，无析出物；(2)用手来撕不能撕裂或撕裂时呈圆弧状，而不是直线状即为好产品。
Such as three yuan: (1) with a white sheet friction surface precipitation free; (2) by hand tear cannot tear or torn in a circular arc shape, rather than straight line shape is a good product.
刚性堵漏防渗材料固化后表面滴上水滴，如水滴不吸收，呈球状，就是好材料；如水滴被吸收，则不是好的防渗材料。
Rigid plugging, impermeable material, after curing, the surface drops of water droplets, such as water droplets do not absorb, spherical, is a good material; such as water droplets are absorbed, it is not a good impermeable material.
另外对高档新型防水堵漏还应确立一种新的观念，即防水工程是一个体系、是一个系统。如卡莱尔的三元乙丙，有附件、有配套粘接剂、无后收缩、无析出物等；再如美国格雷斯针对地连墙开发的Preprufe系列产品。这样有百年历史的品牌，只需要辨别防伪标志即可。
In addition, a new concept should be established for the new type of waterproof plugging, that is, waterproof engineering is a system and a system. Such as Carlile's three yuan ethylene propylene, there are accessories, there are supporting adhesive, no shrinkage, no precipitation, etc.; again, the United States Grace for the wall to develop Preprufe products. In this way, there is a century old brand, only need to identify security signs can be.